Encapsulation
Introduction to OOP's
Class
Object
Constructor
Instance Variables
Class Variables
Instance Methods
self Keyword
Encapsulation
Public Members
Protected Members
Private Members
Inheritance
Single Inheritance
Multiple Inheritance
Multilevel Inheritance
Hierarchical Inheritance
Hybrid Inheritance
super() Function
Polymorphism
Method Overriding
Duck Typing
Abstraction
Abstract Class
Abstract Method
Class Method
Static Method
Special Methods
_str_ Method
Operator Overloading
Composition
Aggregation
Association
Method Resolution Order
Object Class
issubclass() and isinstance()
Property Decorator
Setter Method with @property
Destructor
Inner Class
Complete Mini Example
Encapsulation
8. Encapsulation
Encapsulation means bundling data and methods together in a class and controlling how that data is accessed. Python commonly shows encapsulation using public, protected-like, and private name conventions.
Syntax
class ClassName:
def __init__(self):
self.public_var = 1
self._protected_var = 2
self.__private_var = 3
Example
class Bank:
def __init__(self, balance):
self.__balance = balance
def deposit(self, amount):
self.__balance += amount
def show_balance(self):
print("Balance =", self.__balance)
b = Bank(1000)
b.deposit(500)
b.show_balance()
Output
Balance = 1500
Example
Executing...
❌ Error:
✅ Output:
// Click Run ▶ to execute
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